{"id":693,"date":"2016-02-10T13:59:17","date_gmt":"2016-02-10T12:59:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nazor.org\/?page_id=693"},"modified":"2016-03-09T17:17:23","modified_gmt":"2016-03-09T16:17:23","slug":"17-britanie-osudova-laska-adolfa-hitlera","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/?page_id=693","title":{"rendered":"17. Brit\u00e1nie – ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00e1 l\u00e1ska Adolfa Hitlera"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh 17<\/span><\/strong>. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Brit\u00e1nie –\u00a0ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00e1 l\u00e1ska Adolfa Hitlera.\u00a0(I)<\/p>\n

origin\u00e1l zdroj<\/span><\/u><\/a> – vlastn\u00ed p\u0159eklad 10.2.2016<\/p>\n

Nikolaj Starikov (Rusko)<\/p>\n

Mezi Angli\u00ed a N\u011bmeckem se nesm\u00ed st\u00e1t nic,<\/em><\/p>\n

co by jak\u00fdmkoliv zp\u016fsobem naru\u0161ilo presti\u017e Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie.<\/em><\/p>\n

Adolf Hitler[1]<\/span><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se Hitler<\/span> si uv\u011bdomil, \u017ee jeho<\/span> p\u016fvodn\u00ed my\u0161lenka<\/span>, <\/span>vytvo\u0159en\u00ed<\/span><\/em>
\n mocn\u00e9<\/span> \u0158\u00ed\u0161e<\/span> v\u0161ech Germ\u00e1n\u016f<\/span> spojen\u00fdch<\/span> v Brit\u00e1nii<\/span><\/em>
\n nemohla b\u00fdt realizov\u00e1na<\/span>,\u00a0sna\u017eil<\/span> se vybudovat a zabezpe\u010dit<\/span><\/em>
\n tuto<\/span> \u0158\u00ed\u0161i<\/span> sv\u00fdmi vlastn\u00edmi<\/span> vojensk\u00fdmi zdroji.<\/span><\/em>
\n T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem<\/span> si pro sebe vytvo\u0159il<\/span> sv\u011bt<\/span> nep\u0159\u00e1tel<\/span>.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Joachim von Riebentrop[2]<\/span><\/strong><\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n

… 22. \u010dervna 1940<\/strong> se Francie vzdala. Francouzsk\u00e9 v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvo bylo odzbrojeno. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, nebyly podeps\u00e1ny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 dokumenty o tom, \u017ee by francouzsk\u00e9 v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 lod\u011b m\u011bly b\u00fdt p\u0159evedeny nebo p\u0159ed\u00e1ny N\u011bmc\u016fm. Francie pouze sl\u00edbila zastaven\u00ed v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch akc\u00ed proti N\u011bmecku. P\u0159esto v\u0161ak Hitler mo\u017en\u00e1 pl\u00e1noval vyu\u017eit\u00ed francouzsk\u00fdch lod\u00ed\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00fdm\u00a0tajn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem? Ne, on ur\u010dit\u011b ne. N\u011bmeck\u00e9 v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky\u00a0byly pom\u011brn\u011b skromn\u00e9 a ani vzd\u00e1len\u011b se nepodobali lupi\u010dstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edvedli Spojenci ve Versailles. A pro\u010d tomu tak bylo? To proto, \u017ee Adolf Hitler nebyl nikdy nem\u011bl v pl\u00e1nu j\u00edt do v\u00e1lky proti Brit\u00e1nii a Francii. A dokonce i nyn\u00ed, pot\u00e9 co porazil Francouze, se nezaj\u00edmal o rabov\u00e1n\u00ed tak moc jako sp\u00ed\u0161e o to jak p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit tyto zem\u011b pro svoji v\u011bc, co\u017e m\u011blo nakonec\u00a0v\u00e9st k dlouho o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9mu m\u00edru s Velkou Brit\u00e1ni\u00ed. Hitler nem\u011bl v pl\u00e1nu \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1lky se Z\u00e1padem. Naopak, F\u00fchrer byl p\u0159ipraven podepsat m\u00edrovou smlouvu s Lond\u00fdnem. A Angli\u010dan\u00e9\u00a0by naznali, \u017ee\u00a0podm\u00ednky budouc\u00ed m\u00edrov\u00e9 dohody byly docela p\u0159ijateln\u00e9. Hitler nem\u011bl \u017e\u00e1dnou touhu Brity svl\u00e9ci nebo je p\u0159ipravit o jejich postaven\u00ed coby vl\u00e1dc\u016f sv\u011bta. V\u016fdce cht\u011bl polo\u017eit z\u00e1klady\u00a0v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9ho n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho spojenectv\u00ed s Brit\u00e1ni\u00ed.<\/p>\n

„Byl si tak jist dohodou s Brity, \u017ee ani po p\u00e1du Francie<\/span> ned\u011blal<\/span> \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny<\/span> pro<\/span> pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1lky<\/span> proti Brit\u00e1nii<\/span><\/em>,“[3]<\/span><\/sup><\/em><\/span> p\u00ed\u0161e<\/span> William<\/span> Shirer<\/span>, americk\u00fd novin\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00fd<\/span><\/a> pracoval<\/span> uvnit\u0159<\/span> T\u0159et\u00ed \u0158\u00ed\u0161e<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0P\u0159edstava, \u017ee n\u011bmeck\u00fd v\u016fdce cht\u011bl dob\u00fdt Brit\u00e1nii po\u00a0obsazen\u00ed Francie nen\u00ed nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e produkt p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9 p\u0159edstavivosti z\u00e1padn\u00edch historik\u016f. Ani Hitler, ani \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch velitel\u016f n\u011bmeck\u00fdch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil se nechystali k boji proti Brit\u016fm.\u00a020. \u010dervna\u00a01940<\/strong>, se admir\u00e1l Raeder\u00a0zeptal sv\u00e9ho V\u016fdce, „A te\u010f, jak\u00a0s Brity?“ Ale nedostal \u017e\u00e1dnou odpov\u011b\u010f. O deset dn\u016f pozd\u011bji, \u0161\u00e9f gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161t\u00e1bu Wehrmachtu gener\u00e1l Jodl, p\u0159edlo\u017eil Hitlerovi memorandum, kter\u00e9 deklarovalo, \u017ee v\u00e1lka proti Anglii mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vedena politicky.[4]<\/span><\/sup>Mimochodem, Alfred Jodl<\/a>, kter\u00fd byl pozd\u011bji ob\u011b\u0161en v Norimberku, byl zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za strategick\u00e9 pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed pro n\u011bmeckou arm\u00e1du.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\"Adolf_Hitler_in_Paris_1940\"<\/a>\u00a0Adolf Hitler v pora\u017een\u00e9 Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei, 23.\u010dervna 1940<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, my\u0161lenka<\/span> m\u00edrov\u00e9ho<\/span> ukon\u010den\u00ed v\u00e1lky<\/span> proti jejich<\/span> chr\u00e1n\u011bnci<\/span> Adolfu Hitlerovi<\/span> nem\u011bla<\/span> v Britsk\u00fdch pl\u00e1nech m\u00edsto<\/span>. <\/span>V l\u00e9t\u011b roku 1940<\/span>, byly <\/span>principy<\/span> Britsk\u00e9<\/span> politiky\u00a0<\/span>beze zm\u011bn<\/span>: miliardy<\/span> liber<\/span> nebyla<\/span> utraceny proto, aby se\u00a0<\/span>nacistick\u00e9 N\u011bmecko<\/span>\u00a0mohlo st\u00e1t<\/span> rovnocenn\u00fdm partnerem<\/span> p\u00e1n\u016f<\/span> v Lond\u00fdn\u011b.<\/span> Koneckonc\u016f<\/span>, <\/span>v\u00e1lka s Ruskem<\/span>\/<\/span>SSSR<\/span> je\u0161t\u011b nebyla<\/span> zah\u00e1jena<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0„<\/span>Nastolen\u00ed m\u00edru<\/span>“ s<\/span> F\u00fchrerem<\/span> znamenalo, \u017ee<\/span> Brit\u00e1nie<\/span> by<\/span> ztratila sv\u00e9<\/span> postaven\u00ed<\/span> glob\u00e1ln\u00edho<\/span> hegemona t\u00edm nejur\u00e1\u017eliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a nejhloup\u011bj\u0161\u00edm\u00a0<\/span>mo\u017en\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem:<\/span> vytvo\u0159en\u00edm<\/span> geopolitick\u00e9ho<\/span> soupe\u0159e<\/span>\u00a0jejich<\/span> vlastn\u00edma rukama<\/span> a<\/span> pak<\/span> sd\u00edlen\u00ed<\/span> sv\u011btov\u00e9ho<\/span> panstv\u00ed<\/span> s n\u00edm<\/span>. <\/span><\/strong>Britov\u00e9<\/span> necht\u011bli m\u00edt<\/span>\u00a0nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho<\/span> s takov\u00fdm <\/span>m\u00edrem.<\/span> Budou bojovat<\/span> a bojovat tvrd\u011b<\/span>. Nebylo tam<\/span> m\u00edsto pro<\/span> sentiment<\/span>, kdy\u017e se pot\u00fdkali<\/span> s mo\u017enost\u00ed<\/span>, \u017ee ztrat\u00ed<\/span> kontrolu nad sv\u011btem<\/span>. <\/span>Britsk\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed bylo ozn\u00e1meno\u00a0<\/span>rezolutn\u00edm projevem\u00a0<\/span>p\u0159edsedy vl\u00e1dy<\/span>, „<\/span>pokud to bude t\u0159eba tak l\u00e9ta<\/span>, pokud bude t\u0159eba,<\/span> s\u00e1mi<\/span>.“[5]<\/span><\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Operace Katapult<\/a>\u00a0<\/span>byla napl\u00e1nov\u00e1na Brity<\/span> v<\/span> neb\u00fdvale<\/span> kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 dob\u011b<\/span> a<\/span> byla zah\u00e1jena<\/span> pouze<\/span> 11 dn\u00ed<\/span> po kapitulaci Francie<\/span>. <\/span>Ironi\u00ed t\u00e9to situace je, \u017ee\u00a0<\/span>tentokr\u00e1t<\/span> Britov\u00e9<\/span> \u00fato\u010dili na<\/span> spojence<\/span>, nikoliv na nep\u0159\u00edtel<\/span>. Na palub\u00e1ch\u00a0f<\/span>rancouzsk\u00fdch<\/span> v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch lod\u00ed<\/span> kotv\u00edc\u00edch<\/span> v<\/span> anglick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstavech Portsmouth<\/span>, <\/span>Plymouth<\/span> a<\/span> Devonport, se odehr\u00e1vali o\u0161kliv\u00e9 sc\u00e9ny.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0P\u0159irozen\u011b francouz\u0161t\u00ed n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edci\u00a0neo\u010dek\u00e1vali, \u017ee budou p\u0159epadeni sv\u00fdmi spojenci. „Akce byla n\u00e1hl\u00e1 a nutn\u011b p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e1,“<\/em> napsal pozd\u011bji Churchill.[6]<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0<\/span> V\u0161echny francouzsk\u00e9 lod\u011b: dv\u011b bitevn\u00ed, \u010dty\u0159i k\u0159i\u017en\u00edky, osm tanker\u016f, 12 ponorek a asi 200 minelovek a torp\u00e9doborc\u016f \u2013 byly zajaty Brity brzy r\u00e1no 3. \u010dervence 1940<\/strong>. \u00datok byl tak ne\u010dekan\u00fd, \u017ee pouze pos\u00e1dce ponorky Surcouf se poda\u0159ilo vytvo\u0159it jak\u00fds tak\u00fds pokus o\u00a0ozbrojen\u00fd odpor. Francouzsk\u00e9 pos\u00e1dky byly n\u00e1siln\u011b vylod\u011bny a internov\u00e1ny „ne bez n\u00e1siln\u00fdch incident\u016f.“[7]<\/span><\/sup><\/em> Chovaje se jako pir\u00e1ti, Britov\u00e9 se zmocnili lod\u00ed a ty pak p\u0159i\u010dlenili k\u00a0Britsk\u00e9mu kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9mu n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvu<\/a> …<\/p>\n

\u00a0Ale skute\u010dn\u00e1 trag\u00e9die<\/span> se nem\u011bla<\/span> odv\u00edjet<\/span> v britsk\u00fdch<\/span> p\u0159\u00edstavech<\/span>, <\/span>ale sp\u00ed\u0161e tam, kde<\/span> francouzsk\u00e9<\/span> lo\u010fstvo\u00a0<\/span>kotvilo, v<\/span> Oranu<\/span>, <\/span>Mers<\/span>–<\/span>el<\/span>–<\/span>K\u00e9biru<\/span>, <\/span>a<\/span> Dakaru<\/span>. Ve<\/span> stejn\u00e9<\/span> r\u00e1no<\/span> 3. \u010dervence<\/span><\/strong><\/a> 1940<\/strong>[8]<\/span><\/sup>\u00a0 se k Oranu p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eilo britsk\u00e1 flotila, kter\u00e9 velel admir\u00e1l James Somerville<\/a><\/span>. <\/span>Francouzsk\u00fd<\/span> admir\u00e1l<\/span> Ma<\/span>rcel<\/span> Gensoul<\/span><\/a>, velitel<\/span> francouzsk\u00e9 flotily<\/span>, obdr\u017eel kone\u010dn\u00e9 britsk\u00e9 ultim\u00e1tum<\/span>.<\/span> Mohl<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n