{"id":509,"date":"2015-05-13T14:20:56","date_gmt":"2015-05-13T12:20:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nazor.org\/?page_id=509"},"modified":"2015-05-13T16:15:35","modified_gmt":"2015-05-13T14:15:35","slug":"9-jak-britove-osvobozovali-recko","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/?page_id=509","title":{"rendered":"9. Jak Britov\u00e9 &#8222;osvobozovali&#8220; \u0158ecko"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh 9. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jak Britov\u00e9 &#8222;osvobozovali&#8220; \u0158ecko<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/orientalreview.org\/2012\/10\/31\/episodes-9-how-the-english-liberated-greece\/\" target=\"_blank\">origin\u00e1l zdroj<\/a> &#8211; vlastn\u00ed p\u0159eklad 13.5.2015<\/p>\n<p>Nikolaj Starikov (Rusko)<\/p>\n<p>Prvn\u00ed v\u00fdsadkov\u00e9 jednotky britsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy p\u0159ist\u00e1ly v \u0158ecku dne <strong>4. \u0159\u00edjna 1944<\/strong>. Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem Anglie\u00a0v t\u00e9to zemi nebylo porazit n\u011bmeck\u00e9 s\u00edly, ale daleko od nich se rychle setkat s odd\u00edly sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho mar\u0161\u00e1la <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fyodor_Tolbukhin\" target=\"_blank\">Tolbukhina<\/a> , kter\u00e9\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b provedly \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou operaci osvobozen\u00ed Jugosl\u00e1vie. Bez odporu\u00a0n\u011bmeck\u00fdch vojsk sp\u011bchali\u00a0angli\u010dan\u00e9\u00a0obsadit uvoln\u011bn\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed tak, aby zabr\u00e1nili\u00a0Rus\u016fm ve vstupu\u00a0do \u0158ecka.<br \/>\nSv\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edjezdem do \u0158ecka nesledovali m\u00edr. Naopak, vojensk\u00e9 operace vypukly s novou silou. Angli\u010dan\u00e9 se postavili proti mocn\u00e9mu komunistick\u00e9mu partyz\u00e1nsk\u00e9mu hnut\u00ed ELAS. V\u00fdsledkem bylo, brit\u0161t\u00ed &#8222;osvoboditel\u00e9&#8220; zah\u00e1jili vojensk\u00e9 operace proti \u0158ek\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>Zde\u00a0n\u011bkolik fakt\u016f o tom, co se stalo a pro\u010d byl dnes konflikt zcela ututl\u00e1n:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nazor.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/greece19443.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-large wp-image-513 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.nazor.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/greece19443-1024x999.jpg\" alt=\"greece19443\" width=\"560\" height=\"546\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/greece19443-1024x999.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/greece19443-300x293.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/greece19443-560x547.jpg 560w, https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/greece19443-260x254.jpg 260w, https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/greece19443-160x156.jpg 160w, https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/greece19443.jpg 1085w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0V listopadu 1944, gener\u00e1l <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ronald_Scobie\" target=\"_blank\">Scobie<\/a>, velitel britsk\u00fdch sil v \u0158ecku, vydal rozkaz k odzbrojen\u00ed jednotek ELAS. Komunisti\u010dt\u00ed z\u00e1stupci v kabinetu odm\u00edtli podepsat dekret na\u0159izuj\u00edc\u00ed rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ELAS a dne <strong>2. prosince 1944<\/strong> rezignovali. Dal\u0161\u00ed den prob\u011bhla v Ath\u00e9n\u00e1ch siln\u00e1 demonstrace 500000 lid\u00ed,\u00a0nam\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 proti akc\u00edm vl\u00e1dy a britsk\u00e9ho velen\u00ed. \u00da\u0159ady pou\u017eily proti demonstrant\u016fm zbran\u011b. Dne <strong>4. prosince 1944<\/strong> propukly boje mezi jednotkami ELAS na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b a britsk\u00fdmi a vl\u00e1dn\u00edmi jednotkami na stran\u011b druh\u00e9, \u010dlenov\u00e9 ELAS p\u0159evzali kontrolu nad Ath\u00e9nami a Pireem. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee jednotky ELAS\u00a0nebyly vymaz\u00e1ny z Pireu do <strong>12.12.1944<\/strong> poskytuje ur\u010dit\u00fd n\u00e1znak z\u00e1va\u017enosti boj\u016f. V Ath\u00e9n\u00e1ch byli brit\u0161t\u00ed voj\u00e1ci\u00a0obkl\u00ed\u010deni, pouze se jim poda\u0159ilo dostat se ven ke konci m\u011bs\u00edce. Nav\u00edc, byly do \u0158ecka p\u0159esunuty dv\u011b divize\u00a0z italsk\u00e9 fronty.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Jak m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt, v hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b bylo velmi mnoho podporovatel\u016f ELAS, kter\u00e9\u00a0p\u0159evzalo pod kontrolu snadno cel\u00e9 m\u011bsto. Brit\u0161t\u00ed\u00a0voj\u00e1ci zah\u00e1jili palbu na demonstranty, ukazuj\u00edce, na kter\u00e9 stran\u011b konfliktu stoj\u00ed. Vezm\u011bte na v\u011bdom\u00ed, \u017ee to je pr\u00e1v\u011b ty druhy akc\u00ed, pro kter\u00e9 Lond\u00fdn odsuzuje Kadd\u00e1f\u00edho a Asada v t\u011bchto dnech.<\/p>\n<p>O tom psal Winston Churchill ve sv\u00e9 knize &#8222;The Second World War&#8220;:<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8222;V ned\u011bli 3. prosince se komunisti\u010dt\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznivci zapojili do zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 demonstraci, a srazili\u00a0se s polici\u00ed, za\u010dala\u00a0ob\u010dansk\u00e1 v\u00e1lka. Dal\u0161\u00ed den gener\u00e1l Scobie na\u0159\u00eddil E.L.A.S. evakuovat ihned Ath\u00e9ny a Piraeus. M\u00edsto toho se jejich vojska a ozbrojen\u00ed civilist\u00e9 pokusili zmocnit hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta silou. V t\u00e9to chv\u00edli jsem si vzal\u00a0p\u0159\u00edm\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kontrolu nad celou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed. Po zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee komunist\u00e9 ji\u017e ovl\u00e1dli\u00a0t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny policejn\u00ed stanice v Ath\u00e9n\u00e1ch, vra\u017edili v\u011bt\u0161inu jejich osazenstva, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e nebyla zapojena do \u00fatoku a byli ji\u017e\u00a0p\u016fl m\u00edle od vl\u00e1dn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f. P\u0159ik\u00e1zal jsem\u00a0gener\u00e1lu Scobiemu a jeho 5000 britsk\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed byli deset dn\u016f p\u0159edt\u00edm p\u0159ijati s nad\u0161en\u00edm ze strany obyvatelstva jako, kter\u00e9 za\u00fato\u010d\u00ed a budou st\u0159\u00edlet na zr\u00e1dn\u00e9 agresory. Nem\u00e1 smysl d\u011blat v\u011bci\u00a0jako jsou tyto polovi\u010dat\u011b.&#8220;<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Od <strong>03.12.1944<\/strong> a\u017e do <strong>15.1. 1945<\/strong> provedly britsk\u00e9 letouny\u00a01665 bojov\u00fdch vzlet\u016f nad \u0158eckem a\u00a0zni\u010dily 455 automobil\u016f, \u010dty\u0159i d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00e9 baterie a \u0161est lokomotiv.<\/li>\n<li>Angli\u010dan\u016fm se poda\u0159ilo v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b zav\u00e9st kontrolu nad \u00fazem\u00edm pevninsk\u00e9ho \u0158ecka a\u017e po \u0161esti t\u00fddnech t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch boj\u016f. Dne <strong>12. \u00fanora 1945<\/strong>\u00a0ukon\u010dila ob\u010danskou v\u00e1lku dohoda\u00a0podepsan\u00e1 ve <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Treaty_of_Varkiza\" target=\"_blank\">Varkize<\/a> za podm\u00ednek, kdy se v\u0161echny jednotky ELAS st\u00e1hli z region\u016f Ath\u00e9n, Selaniky a Patrasu.<\/li>\n<li>V\u011bt\u0161ina\u00a0bojovn\u00edk\u016f ELAS ukon\u010dila nep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed a\u00a0vr\u00e1tila se\u00a0dom\u016f. Z\u00e1stupci demokratick\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy nicm\u00e9n\u011b, spolu s hum\u00e1nn\u00edmi n\u00e1rody &#8222;svobodn\u00e9ho sv\u011bta&#8220;, poru\u0161ili smlouvu a za\u010dali zat\u00fdkat po stovk\u00e1ch a st\u0159\u00edlet\u00a0bez soudu.<\/li>\n<li>Nakonec, situace explodovala v d\u016fsledku tzv. &#8222;obecn\u00fdch&#8220; voleb, kter\u00e9 se konaly dne <strong>31. b\u0159ezna 1946<\/strong>. Komunist\u00e9 a \u0159ada demokratick\u00fdch stran obvinili vl\u00e1du z fal\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f a vyv\u00edjen\u00ed tlaku na voli\u010de. Je vhodn\u00e9 zm\u00ednit, \u017ee policejn\u00ed brutalita neodezn\u011bla po\u00a0cel\u00fd rok 1945. Volby slou\u017eily jako z\u00e1minka pro novou konfrontaci. Prvn\u00ed otev\u0159en\u00fd konflikt za\u010dal v <strong>\u010dervenci 1946<\/strong>, kdy se vl\u00e1dn\u00ed s\u00edly\u00a0sna\u017eily zbavit horsk\u00e9 oblasti Vermion a Olympus\u00a0komunist\u016f. Navzdory tomu, \u017ee\u00a0\u00fato\u010dn\u00edci byli podporov\u00e1ni tanky a Spitfiry, \u00fatoky byly ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9. Jednotky ELAS m\u011bly \u0161irokou podporu mezi obyvatelstvem zem\u011b, rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti z partyz\u00e1nsk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky s N\u011bmci, a\u00a0byl tam tak\u00e9 fakt, \u017ee \u0159eck\u00e1 arm\u00e1da m\u011bla celou \u0159adu spojenc\u016f. V zemi za\u010dalo nov\u00e9 kolo ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky.<\/li>\n<li>V\u00e1lka v \u0158ecku trvala a\u017e do za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 1949, jin\u00fdmi slovy celkem (s p\u0159est\u00e1vkami) p\u011bt let!<\/li>\n<li>Podle ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f vl\u00e1dn\u00ed s\u00edly utrp\u011bly ztr\u00e1ty 12777 lid\u00ed\u00a0a 37732 voj\u00e1k\u016f a d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f bylo zran\u011bn\u00fdch, zat\u00edmco pro-komunistick\u00e9 jednotky utrp\u011bly ztr\u00e1ty 38000 a nejsou\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u00fadaje o po\u010dtu zran\u011bn\u00fdch. Ale kolik ze\u00a0zabit\u00fdch a\u00a0mu\u010den\u00fdch byli civilist\u00e9? Zem\u011b byla v trosk\u00e1ch; N\u011bmc\u016fm se p\u0159i \u00fastupu z \u0158ecka nepoda\u0159ilo zni\u010dit jejich komunika\u010dn\u00ed linie spr\u00e1vn\u011b co\u017e bylo provedeno samotn\u00fdmi \u0158eky &#8211; ne bez pomoci Angli\u010dan\u016f a Ameri\u010dan\u016f, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Historie Balk\u00e1nu, a zejm\u00e9na \u0158ecka, je jasn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem ubohosti \u010dernob\u00edl\u00e9ho pohledu na d\u011bjiny, d\u011bjiny v nich\u017e Stalin a SSSR jsou obvi\u0148ov\u00e1ni za v\u0161echno, zat\u00edmco Z\u00e1pad m\u00e1 v\u017edy pravdu ve v\u0161em, co d\u011bl\u00e1.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh 9. Jak Britov\u00e9 &#8222;osvobozovali&#8220; \u0158ecko origin\u00e1l zdroj &#8211; vlastn\u00ed p\u0159eklad 13.5.2015 Nikolaj Starikov (Rusko) Prvn\u00ed v\u00fdsadkov\u00e9 jednotky britsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy p\u0159ist\u00e1ly v \u0158ecku dne 4. \u0159\u00edjna 1944. Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem Anglie\u00a0v t\u00e9to zemi nebylo porazit n\u011bmeck\u00e9 s\u00edly, ale daleko od nich&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link-p\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/?page_id=509\">Read more &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":344,"menu_order":9,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-509","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/509","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=509"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/509\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":514,"href":"https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/509\/revisions\/514"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/344"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nazor.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=509"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}